India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. And is the seventh largest country in the world in terms of geographical area, and the second largest country in terms of population, an estimated population of 1.2 billion people, which is the most populous democracy in the world. Bordered by the Indian Ocean from the south, and the Arabian Sea in the south-west, the Bay of Bengal in the south-east, and bordered by Pakistan to the west, Bhutan, People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north-east, Bangladesh and Burma in the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is geographically an extension of both Sri Lanka and the Maldives, in addition to that India's Andaman and Nicobar involved in maritime boundary with Thailand and Indonesia.
India was home to the Indus Valley civilization and the ancient and historic trade routes and vast empires, The Indian sub-continent was known with its wealth of trade and cultural history over its long history. Four major world religions, Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism, originated in India, while Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Islam arrived in the first millennium AD and formed the diverse culture of the region. India gradually annexed to the British East India Company at the beginning of the century 18 and has been colonized by the United Kingdom in the period from the mid 19 th century, and became an independent state in 1947 after the struggle for independence, which was characterized by non-violent resistance and the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
Indian economy is the tenth largest economy in the world in terms of nominal GDP, and the fourth largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity. After the economic reforms based on the market in 1991, India became one of the fastest growing economies in the world, and one of the modern industrial countries, but it continues to face challenges of poverty, illiteracy, corruption, and insufficient public health. A nuclear weapons state and regional power, has the third-largest standing army in the world, and ranked tenth in military spending between countries.
India is a constitutional federal republic and a parliamentary democracy composed of 28 states and seven union territories. It is one of the five BRICS nations. India's pluralistic society, multi-languages, and races. It is also home to a variety of wild animals in a variety of protected habitats.
